I need an overview of my subject -- the BIG picture. I want to
understand various points of view about alcoholism.
Maybe I'll follow the
disease/habit research question. Maybe I'll find something more interesting along the
way. Or maybe my idea isn't a good one. If I don't find the disease/habit
angle in the source, I'll need to amend my approach. As I gather
different sources I will keep track of each one reviewed by developing a
working bibliography. More about that later...
BOOKS
are best for achieving an
overview: They tend to have a broader focus than periodical articles, they
tend to carry more information than most Web sites, PLUS their content
has, to some degree, been pre-approved by editors, publishers and
librarians.
Among books,
Reference Books
are especially useful in getting an overview. They generally cover a topic
broadly, but in articles short enough to use relatively quickly.
Sometimes books
aren’t, physically, books! Sometimes they’re ELECTRONIC BOOKS! The content is the same as in the print version of the book, but it’s
accessed online.
FIRST...I’ll use ChesCat, the online catalog, which lets me search all the
books, videos and DVDs in the library.
ChesCat
allows me to specify the field in which my search term is
to be located – author, title, subject, etc. I choose SUBJECT
KEYWORD, so alcoholism will have to be found in the fields
that describe the contents of the book.
Results: 42 hits. I’ll click through them and go to the
shelves to select the most likely candidates. (Truth be told,
I’ll be looking for books that help me get the overview I need
AND books that look like they might speak to the habit/disease
issue.)
Use
ChesCat to find books,
Videos or DVD's.
Remember...your
primary goal is to get an overview of your subject.
Choose the books, check them out, and make
copies of articles in any physical Reference Books. If yours is an online
class, the books can be
mailed to you.
NEXT... I'll search for electronic Reference books
in Gale Virtual Reference Library.
I have the option to
search all the electronic books at once by document title or keyword (field
specification, again) and an
option to search the full text – that’s every word in every article in every
book.
Since I’m looking for an overview of alcoholism, I choose to search all the
books by document title – if the word alcoholism is in the title of an
article, I’m sure there will be substantial information on my subject.
Use
Gale Virtual Reference Library
to find
Reference Book articles on your subject. Print out the most useful
articles by right clicking on the article and clicking on print.
Primary vs Secondary
This is a good place to discuss the difference between PRIMARY
and SECONDARY sources.
Let's remember that when we say PRIMARY
we refer to ORIGINAL
materials or exact copies of
originals such as:
Diaries
Speeches
Interviews
Autobiographies--these are often in book format (search
CHESCAT)
but can be found
online in digital archival databases
Videos with actual footage of an event or recorded speeches
(search CHESCAT)
Records of information collected by government agencies.
Federal, State and Local government sources are available online
through the
COMMUNITY RESOURCE LINKS.
Photographs and audio recordings of an actual event
A SECONDARY source refers to an
information source that has ANALYSIS
or INTERPRETATION of an event
or a subject. An example of a this type of source would be a
periodical article discussing firearm violence from a periodical such as
U.
S. NEWS & WORLDREPORT.
Keeping Track... My Working Bibliography
I’ll
keep a list of the sources I consult in a Working Bibliography. I’m
not committing myself to actually presenting information from all these sources in
my paper, but I’m using them, so I’ll list them. I’m sure I’ll find others
along the way, and I’ll add them as I find them. One way of creating a
Working Bibliography is to use
NoodleBib, a subscription database available
free through the library. It provides a template, and prompts me for appropriate
information.
One of the books I found on
ChesCatis Heart of Addiction.
I'll use
NoodleBib to keep track of the bibliographic information
required for the Working Bibliography and possibly my Works Cited Page.
NoodleBib makes it easy to comply with
MLA and
APArules for Bibliographies and Works Cited Lists.MLA documentation is usually used for research papers in the Humanities such
as literature.
APA documentation is generally used for papers dealing
with Science or the Social Sciences. To begin my working bibliography I
choose which documentation I want and then I
enter information about each of my sources (title, author, etc., etc.) and
NoodleBib puts in the periods, commas, quotation marks and underlines
required by MLA.
NoodleBib takes care of spacing and indentation and I can
save my list as a WORD document to add to my paper or e-mail to my teacher.
If I need more information I can always click on MLAor
APA and I will have
examples of each published by the Academic Support Center.
My working bibliography will look something like this...
Working Bibliography
Dodes,
Lance, M. D. Heart of Addiction. New York: HarperCollins, 2002.
Nelson,
Katherine. "Alcoholism." Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine.
Ed. Jacqueline Longe. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 41‑7. Gale
Virtual Reference Library. Gale Group Databases. Chesapeake Coll., Wye
Mills, MD. 8 Jan. 2005 <http://infotrac.galegroup.com/>.
Osborne, Richard
W. "Alcoholism." Encyclopedia of Bioethics. Ed. Stephen G. Post. 3rd
ed. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 144‑8. Gale
Virtual Reference Library. Gale Group Databases. Chesapeake Coll., Wye
Mills, MD. 8 Jan. 2005 <http://infotrac.galegroup.com/>.
Create a
Working Bibliography using NoodleBibto compose citations
for the books and reference articles you selected.
As I begin to create my working bibliography....I need to locate and
examine information from sources that are opposed to my point of view.
By reading up on what the opposition has to say I will know the possible
arguments to my line of thinking and be able to better formulate a credible
discussion. Who knows--the opposition arguments may be so powerful
that I may be forced to change or re-work my own thoughts.
Your
Working Bibliography must contain at least 3 citations from print or
electronic books. At least one
source must include information contrary to your
current thesis. Submit
your work to your instructor according to your instructor's
directions.