Parenthetical Documentation

Citation info inside your parentheses must refer to material on a specific page that you actually used.
 

Smith, John. History of Long Island. New York: Jones Publishing, 1998.

You decide to use information on PAGE 57 of Smith's book, where he writes:

Long Island was named Long Island the moment it was discovered by Dutch explorers early in the seventeenth century. Its name has not changed in the four centuries since. It is likely that the power of a place name increases as times passes without that name changing.

Few places go long without seeing their names changed. For example, the city of New Amsterdam was called by that name for a mere 30 years. When the British defeated the Dutch in the New World and seized Dutch territories, New Amsterdam was renamed New York.

By contrast, Paris has been called Paris for endless centuries, just as London has been called London. "It is likely that the power of a place name increases as time passes without that name changing." (Smith 57)

Here, the author's name is NOT mentioned in your text.

OR

By contrast, Paris has been called Paris for centuries, just as London has been called London. Smith writes that "it is likely that the power of a place name increases as time passes without that name changing." (57)

Here, you HAVE mentioned the author's name in your text.